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MEMORY MAP
ADDRESS
2
3
3
5
6
7
ROUTINES
Information and Chairmen — Trea$ury Note$
Input/Output — by Abed Kahale
Two-Liner TS-2068
Sinclair E-Mail List
From the Chairman's Disk — Donald Lambert
FILES
QL Hacker's Journal — Tim Swenon
ADDRESS
9
11
13
17
FILES
TS-2068 ROM Bypass — William Pedersen
Creating UDGs — David Solly
How to Hack on the ZX Spectrum — Les Cottrell
SUBROUTINES
Unclassified Ads
|8|| "
ZXzr QLive Alive!
Established 1991 The Timex/Sinclair NorthAmerican User Groups Newsletter
T/SNUG Information
We wish to support the following
platforms: ZX-80/81 , TS-1000,
Spectrum, TS-2068, Z88 and QL. If
you have any questions about any of
these fine Sinclairs, contact the:
Chairman
Chief Motivat or
Donald S. Lambert
738 Gunnar Ln.
Forsyth, IL 62535
Vice -Chairmen
Tape & JLO PD Library
D G. Smith
415 Stone St.
Johnstown, PA 15906
814 535-6998
Z88 Library
Dave Bennett (HATSUG)
1275 Timber View Dr
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055-9146
717 732-4374
QL Hacker's Journal
Timothy Swenson
2455 Medallion Dr .
Union City, CA 94587-1914
swensontc@geocities com
TS-2068
Rod Humphreys (VSUG)
10984 Collins PI.
Delta, BC V4C 7E6 Canada
604 583-2819
QL PD Library
John Donaldson (CATUG)
835 Foxwood Cir
Geneva, IL 60134-1631
630 232-6147
AERCO & Z80 Emulator
Keith Watson
41634 Amberly Dr
Mt. Clemens, Ml 48038
BBS — =GATOR==—
Bob Swoger (CATUG)
613 Parkside Cir.
Streamwood, IL 60107-1647
630 837-7957 Work 847 576-8068
Any of the above can also be
reached by E-Mail through the
Club BBS 847 632-5558
ZXir QLive Alive!
Is the newsletter of T/SNUG, the
Timex/Sinclair North American User-
Groups, providing news and
software support to the T/S com-
munity in a VOLUME of four
newsletters per year; beginning with
the Spring (March) issue.
T/SNUG' s main goal is to
preserve and encourage the
use of Sinclair computers
by providing an open
forum for the exchange of
knowledge, building and
maintaining of software
libraries. Providing
vendors, repair service and
members with free ad
space
It is the user groups and individual
subscribers, rather than the vendors,
that provide the pecuniary support
for this newsletter. Vendors and
developers receive this newsletter
free of charge, though contribution
from vendors and user groups is
gratefully accepted. Please support
our vendors and service providers
whenever possible.
If you have a problem or you have
solved a problem, please share it with
the rest of us. No problem will be
Editor/Treasurer
Publisher
fou can keep T/SNUG alive by
an annual contribution of $12
for one VOLUME made payable to
Abed Kahale Send check to>
ABED KAHALE
3343 S FLAT ROCK CT
SIERRA VISTA AZ 85650-6874
520 378-3424
Back copies are available for
$1.00 each postpaid.
As of September 1 , 1999, we have a
balance of $840.22
Article
Contributions
Send in your articles by disk, hardcopy or
mail, e-mail and your inputs to: —
Abed Kahale
E-mail: AKahale@compuserve.com
V^ilSte-t*t till- $air
To better inform the Sinclair Community, three
24-hour a day BBSs are now provided to serve
you. You are encouraged to exchange mail and
use the files sections of these boards Bulletins and
ads are available to all
Q-Box BBS 810 254-9878
Utica, Michigan
SOL BBS 520 882-0388
Tucson, Arizona
Club BBS 847 632-5558
Arlington Heights, Illinois
^ebPaeres
http://users.aol. dubbbs/tsnug/
http://www.outlawnet.com/~jboatno4
If you know the Internet E-Mail address of a
Sinclair user, but do not have access to Internet,
simply address your E-Mail to GATOR Sinclair on
the 24-hour Club BBS and include the name and E-
Mail address of the user you wish to reach. Then
check the Club BBS from time to time if you expect
a reply,
We encourage you to exchange mail and
contribute to the UPLOAD section Call
and register using your first, last name and phone
number along with a password you won't forget.
Write It Down! Do not try to do anything else at
this time
When you call-in the next time, you will have
Level 5 security and be able to enjoy full
user privileges. The BBS has smaller sections
called conferences. Select "J " for "Join a Confer-
ence". Select "TIMEX" to get into the Sinclair
Section. The mail you then read will only be from
other T/S users. Use extension ART for articles,
ADS for ads and .NWS for news when
UPLOADing
For help, contact the S YSOP, Bob Swoger, by
leaving a message, mail, E-Mail or phone.
CENG1 08(2>email mot . com
ZXir QLive Alive!
2
Autumn 1999
Input/Output
Abed,
I have a joystick, a Wickes roller ball, and sketchpad
etc. that I would be thrilled to donate in hopes that someone
would enjoy playing with them Some have not been fired
up in a decade but were working then. Also I have both
cassettes and cartridges (commercial programs) from
Timex and Psion, etc. I will give my old 300 Baud
modems and everything except my bare bones LarKen and
Zebra systems with the 2 little printers. I will also give my
two Banana Gorillas -- one a serial and one a parallel I
will pay shipping to our two surplus places, I am on verge
of having to rent a storage chamber monthly to calm the
clutter around here.
Joan Kealy
Thanks! Abed, for sending the Spring and Summer
issue's of the ZXir Alive Newsletter. I did not get them for
some reason. Must be our mail
Sorry to hear about your wife Also, sorry, that I didn't
get back to you about the ZXir newsletter's. My IBM was
down last week. I'm having to re-install stuff on my
machine and it's going to take me at least a month to get
everything back up and running right! !
Thanks again for the newsletter! !
Dane Stegman
Dear Mr. Kahale, I have been studying code
programming for the Timex Sinclair TS 1000 I have had
some modest success, and I'm very interested in being in
touch with other Z80 users. Thank you for any info you can
toss my way. Respectfully yours,
Stephen Waldman
brogine@hotmail. com
/ know there is one person who is good at the
Z80 code.
Keith Watson
Keith_ watson@juno. com
There is a very active group in Germany for the
ZX-81 but, one has to know German.
Hello Abed:
My name is Richard Burt, and I am a long time
Timex Sinclair user, and former dealer in this area I
belonged to several TS groups in Canada, all of which are
gone now, and I still long for info of the TS brotherhood. I
still use my Sinclair computers although not as much as I
used to, just the 2068, and the QL now.
If you would email me back the information
reguarding membership, and the mailing address, it would
be much appreciated. Thanks in advance, Rick
Sender: ajb@intranet.ca
-=GATOR==--
bobswoger@juno . com
CENG1 08@email.mot com
bobs@comm mot.com
Begin forwarded message
From: William McBrine <wmcbrine@clark.net>
From: "Richard Dodds" <dicky @popup freeserve co . uk>
Original Message
From owner-2068@unixville.com [mailto:owner-
2068@unixville.com]
On Behalf of William McBrine
To: TS-2068 users
Subject: Two-liner
Of all the programs I've written for my TS2068,
probably my favorite is this trivial little thing:
10 POKE 22528+RND*767,RND*63
20 GO TO 10
it was supposed to print squares of random
color at random locations on the screen. (Why? 1
dunno; that's just the sort of thing 1 did back
then.) But it didn't quite turn out that way. As
more squares were plotted, a distinct pattern
emerged.
This program exposes the "pseudo" aspect
of the psuedo-random number generator. 1 also
find it quite beautiful. The best part is that the
location of each plot does appear random, and
there's some margin of error, so that a particular
cell may change colors a few times, while
remaining within the overall pattern. Replacing
"63" with "1 27" also works well.
If you reverse the order in which the two
calls to RND are made, the effect is lost. ~
William McBrine | http://www clark.net/-wmcbrine/
wmcbrine@clark. net
Hi Mr. Kahale,
I gather Don doesn't do e-mail I just wanted to say
that I found the T/S web page. You might remember me
from an article I wrote about 7 years ago for the newsletter
on using the T/S 1000 with CompuServe I still use my T/S
1000 with the Byte-Back I/O board to control my model
train layout I was hoping I could write Don directly, but
gather he still likes snail mail :-)
Glad to see his name at the top of the page Don was
very helpful to me, and 1 will never forget his kindness.
Please say "hi" for me Taker care,
JoeRanijioiia.jpramrjolla@blazenet.net
Hi Abed,
Thanks for the reply! Yes I still have the article, but
until I get a scanner I won't be able to e-mail it. Anyway, I
doubt that CompuServe still handles its mail the way it did
about 7 years ago
I know Mr Lambert didn't think he could handle an
online service like CompuServe back when I was using the
T/S 1000 with CompuServe. I just bought a new PC, an E-
Machine, and I am new to Windows, not to mention
Windows 98 The old way with an ASCII interface and
CompuServe was easy and less confusing for me. Too
much stuff on the screen, and the Internet is full of junk,
and surfing can be a real waste of time, in my opinion. But
at least I found the T/S web site! ! ! !
I look forward to e-mailing Mr. Lambert when he gets
online. I remember he moved a couple years before I
ZXir QLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
moved from Baltimore City, MD to here in Hanover, PA.
Also look forward to keeping in touch with you! I would
enjoy hearing about others who still use the old Byte-Back
I/O board, the BB-1 I had a real challenge figuring a way,
on my own, to unpack the input byte
Take care, Joe.
(His article is in the Vol 2, No. 2, Summer 1992)
Dear Redneck 5on;
I'm writing this letter slow because I know you
cant read fast.
We don't live where we did when you left home.
Your dad read in the newspaper that most accidents
happen within 20 miles from your home, so we moved.
I won't be able to send you the address
because the last family that lived here took the house
numbers when they moved so that they wouldn't
have to change then' address.
This place is really nice. It even has a washing
machine. I'm not sure it works so well though: last
week I put a load in and pulled the chain and haven't
seen them since.
The weather isn't bad here. It only raried twice
last week; the first time for three days and the
second time for four days.
About that coat you wanted me to send you,
your uncle 5tanley said ft would be too heavy to send
in the mail with the brass buttons on, so we cut them
off and put them in the pockets.
John locked his keys in the truck yesterday. We
were really worried because it took him two hours to
get me and your father out of the truck
Your sister had a baby this morning; but I haven't
found out what it is yet so I don't know if your an aunt
or an uncle. The baby looks just like your brother
Uncle Ted fell in a whiskey vat last week. 5ome
men tried to pull him out, but he fought them off
playfully and drowned. We had him cremated and he
burned for three days.
Three of your friends went off a bridge in a pick-
up truck. Ralph was driving. He rolled down the
window and swam to safety. Your other two friends
were in back. They drowned because they couldn't
get the tailgate down.
There isn't much more news at this time. Nothing
much has happened.
Love, Mom
P.5. I was going to send you some money but the
envelope was already sealed.
' During the course of World War II, many people
gained fame in one way or another. One man was
Butch O'Hare. He was a fighter pilot assigned to an
aircraft carrier in the Pacific, One time his entire
squadron was assigned to fly a particular mission.
After he was airborne, he looked at his fuel gauge
and realized that someone had forgotten to top off his
fuel tank. Because of this, he would not have enough
fuel to complete his mission and get back to his ship.
His flight leader told him to leave formation and return.
As he was returning to the mothership, he could see a
squadron of Japanese Zeroes heading toward the
fleet to attack. And with all the fighter planes gone,
the fleet was almost defenseless. His was the only
opportunity to distract and divert them
ZXirQLive Alive!
Single-handedly, he dove into the formation of
Japanese planes and attacked them. The American
fighter planes were rigged with cameras, so that as
they flew and fought, pictures were taken so pilots
could learn more about the terrain, enemy
maneuvers, etc.
Butch dove at them and shot until all his
ammunition was gone, then he would dive and try to
clip off a wing or tail or anything that would make the
enemy planes unfit to fly. He did anything he could to
keep them from reaching the American ships. Finally,
the Japanese squadron took off in another direction,
and Butch O'Hare and his fighter, both badly shot up,
limped back to the carrier. He told his story, but not
until the film from the camera on his plane was
developed, did they realize the extent he really went
to, to protect his fleet. He was recognized as a hero
and given one of the nation's highest military honors.
And, as you may know, O'Hare Airport in Chicago was
named after him
Prior to this time, in Chicago, there was a man
called Easy Eddie. He was working for a man you've
all heard about, Al Capone. Al Capone wasn't famous
for anything heroic, but he was notorious for the
murders he'd committed and the illegal thing's he'd
done. Easy Eddie was Al Capone's lawyer and he
was very good. In fact, because of his skill, he was
able to keep Al Capone out of jail. To show his
appreciation, Al Capone paid him very well.
He not only earned big money, he would get
extra things, like a residence that filled an entire
Chicago city block. The house was fenced, an# he
had live-in help and all of the conveniences of the
day. Easy Eddie had a son. He loved his son and
gave him all the best things while he was growing up;
clothes, cars, and a good education. And, because he
loved his son he tried to teach him right from wrong.
But one thing he couldn't give his son was a good
name, and a good example Easy Eddie decided that
this was much more important than all the riches he
had given him. So, he went to the authorities in order
to rectify the wrong he had done. In order to tell the
truth, it meant he must testify against Al Capone, and
he knew that Al Capone would do his best to have
him killed. But he wanted most of all to try to be an
example and to do the best he could to give back to
his son, a good name. So, he testified.
Within the year, he was shot and killed on a lonely
street in Chicago.
These sound like two unrelated stories, but Butch
O'Hare was Easy Eddie's son.
For Cubs Fans
20 major events that have occurred since the Chicago Cubs
last laid claim to a world series championship:
1. Radio was invented, Cubs fans got to hear their team
lose
2. TV was invented, Cubs fans got to see their team lose .
3 . Baseball added 14 teams, Cubs fans get to see and hear
their team lose to more clubs.
4, George Burns celebrated his 10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th,
60th, 70th, 80th, 90th and 100th birthdays,
5 Haley's comet passed Earth twice.
4 Autumn 1999
6. Harry Caray was bora.... and died Incredible, but true.
7. The NBA, NHL and NFL were formed, and Chicago
teams won championships in each league.
8. Man landed on the moon, as have several home runs
given up by Cubs pitchers.
9. Sixteen U.S. presidents were elected.
10. There were 1 1 amendments added to the Constitution.
1 1 Prohibition was created and repealed.
12. The Titanic was built, set sail, sank, was discovered and
became the subject of major motion pictures, the latest
giving Cubs fans hope that something that finishes on the
bottom can come out on top .
13 Wrigley Field was built and becomes the oldest park in
the National League.
14 Flag poles were erected on Wrigley Field roof to hold
all of the team's future World Series pennants. Those flag
poles have since rusted and been taken down.
15 A combination of 40 Summer and Winter Olympics
have been held.
16. Thirteen baseball players have won the Triple Crown,
several thanked Cubs pitchers.
17. Bell-bottoms came in style, went out of style and came
back in style, disco did the same
18. The Chicago White Sox, Cleveland Indians, Boston Red
Sox and Florida Marlins have all won the World Series
19. The Cubs played 14,153 regular-season games; they lost
the majority of them.
20 Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Oklahoma and New Mexico
were admitted to the Union.
Sinclair E-Mail List
! Albrecht, Aivisi
ara !brec:«)co ncentri c . net
Anderson, Paul
p.anderson@prodigy.net
Anson, Gerald
j errya@aztec.asu . edu
Barker Robin
Robin@di-ren. demon, co. uk
Bennett, Dave
dbennett 1 0@desupernet.net
Boatwright, Jack
jboatno4@outlawnet.com j
Boehm, Al
boehm@ziplink.net j
Boehm, Bill
boehm@plh.af.mil
Burt, Richard
ajb@intranet.ca
C. A. T. S.
mf0002@epfl2.epflbalto.org
Catotti, Christopher
kd4ace@compuserve. com
Chambers, George
gfchamb@pathcom.com
Collins, Bill
bcollins@home. ifx. net
Cottrell, Les
jacottre@gte.net
Cruz-Figueroa, Jaime
cruzfiguer@aol.com
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adansby@atlantic.net
Davis, Frank
fdavis@iquest.net
Dunnet, Ron
ron@qubbesoft.freeserve.co.uk
England, William
wengland@iname. com
Feng, Al
alfeng@juno. com
Fink, Mike
domino.cubes@excelsior.net !
Fink, Mike
domino. cubes@pointblank. com
Fir shman, Tony
tony@firshman.demon.co.uk
Florit, Louis
florit@wormhole.unixville. com
Franke, John
j . m. franke@larc. nasa. gov
Ganger, Gary
gangerg@dma. org
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aa43 l@cleveland.freenet.edu
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Tavlor Jeff
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Walterman, Don
walterm@ix. netcom. com
Watson, Keith
Keith watson@juno.com
Wood, Roy
qbranch@qbr anch demon co . uk
ZXirQLive Alive!
5
Autumn 1999
From The Chairman's Disk
Donald S. Lambert
l^his is a hard one to write I am putting my old friend
«L my trusty TS-2068, in a box and shipping it to Jack
Boatwright soon after I type this in. Why must I do
this? It is because we are moving and have to cut out a lot
of extra stuff that is not longer needed - part, of which is
what my wife says. I will still have the Z88 and I plan to try
to get active with that and of course I am thinking about a
PC
!|^" bought my first TS-2068 in 1985 and from that point
I' 1 on deserted the TS-1000 I went through the woes of
bad LOADs on the cassette mass storage till I built a
LOAD AID and later learned to use a 8Q to a 1000Q audio
transformer to LOAD questionable cassettes and when that
failed I learned to use a Radio Shack miniamplifier to
LOAD those that failed with the transformer. Then in 1988
I went to the LarKen disk drive and since then I used the
cassette system as little as possible. After I moved to
Indiana I acquired an Oliger disk interface and soon had an
Oliger/LarKen interface which I used till I sent the last of
my equipment to Jack Boatwright.
have sent many boxes of my accumulation of
\ hardware, software and books, newsletters and
^L /X magazines to Jack and now after I finish this I will be
boxing up my last shipment to Jack I have set this up as my
contribution to ZQA! for the FALL issue since I have no
idea of how much time I will have available then to write or
to get a computer set up and running (or learning to use it)
I guess I have learned to no longer say never. Once upon a
time I said I would never leave
the TS-1000 but then along
came the TS-2068. Then I said
I would never go to disk drives
and I did. And I said that J
would never leave the TS-2068
and here I am shipping my last
one to Jack . I guess that I had
better learn to say, "I don't
plan to . .." and that would be
far closer to the truth.
Mxi'ut I have learned a lot
111 1/ a ^ out computers from
l^working with the TS-
2068 (and the TS-1000) which
is what I was after when I got
into using them, have learned
that the field is moving so fast
that it is almost impossible to
keep up with the latest
developments. If and when I
buy a PC I know that it will be
obsolete before I get it out of
the box, but at my age I will
get all the latest that I can
afford and plan to have it my
last big computer.
itroi
ZXir QLive Alive!
||//t. is not easy to part with my 2068! It is like an old
|| \ friend that is moving far away and I will never see
•ll/ again. As was packing the stuff that I had to send Jack
if I stopped to think about it I would never have gotten the
first box packed I just could not stop to sort and pack stuff
in categories more than I did I do hope that Jack wasn't too
greatly upset about that
||^|he disk case next to the keyboard on the computer
Wy desk has only three disks in it that have files on them,
ft^ / they are a disk of letters I have wrote, a disk of Oliger
Utilities and a disk of personal finance. The later I have
printed out all the important stuff (the latest file of each
category) to take with me to keep me acquainted with
where our money is and how much we have. Or how much
we will have left after the move.
Il^knew nothing about disk drives when I got into that
||' X field with the LarKen interface I had to learn how to
trouble shoot one particular type of disk drive (Tandon
TM 100-2 A); to reset track zero and speed I had to learn
about the terminator resistor on the last drive on a ribbon
cable and to set the proper jumpers to get it to operate Now
I will be getting into hard drives with capacity of gigabytes.
How much is a gigabyte? I just Can't visualize how much I
am used to 5 K bytes to a track and 400K bytes to a disk so
one gig is about 2,500 400 K disks BUT! then the
programs on a PC are so big Get as big a hard drive as you
can afford is what everyone tells me
For those who travel with a Z88 I have found that a soft
cassette box will hold nine AA
batteries if you twist off the little
deals inside that keeps the reels
from turning, of course the
batteries are just fat enough to
keep the lid from completely
closing but a heavy rubber band
will cure that. Two batteries will
lay full length of the case and
the other seven will lay in there
crosswise to them makes a neat
package for travel .
I have a parallel printer
connecting cord for both the Z88
and the Laser PC3 which will (or
should) allow me to print out
what I write on either. BUT! I do
not expect instant use! I expect
some down time learning the
proper settings to get the printer
to work.
So this is all for now and I hope
to give more information on the
Z88 in the next issue. 0/0
Donald S. Lambert
738 Gunnar Ln.
Forsyth, 1L 62535
Autumn 1999
Hacker's Journal
Supporting Ail QL Programmers #31 June 1999
The QL Hacker's
Journal (QHJ) is published by Tim Swenson as a service to
the QL Community The QHJ is freely distributable. Past
issues are available on disk, via e-mail, or via the Anon-
FTP server, garbo.uwasa.fi. The QHJ is always on the look
out for article submissions
QL Hacker's Journal
c/o Tim Swenson
2455 Medallion Dr.
Union City, CA 94587
swensont@geocities . comswensont@mail .. sns . com
http://www.geocities.com/SiliconValley/Pines/5865
/index.html
Editors' Forum
"ZT^jhis issue is far later that I would like. Planning for
I the West Coast Sinclair Show (for which this issue
^-'is being prepared) took a fair amount of time. I've
also been fiddling around the house getting it ready for
guests coming to the show I've also been distracted by
some projects from work. I'm looking forward to mnning
Linux on my Q40 and doing some "Professional" stuff with
it.
~~~j)ell, after about a year, the Qliberator Source Book
W project has reached a point that I have enough
"—'material to release Since Qliberator was only a
small part of the main document, I changed the title to the
SuperBasic Source Book The focus was on Qliberator,
Programming Toolkits, and Programming Tools. There is
no sections on the SuperBasic language itself. The
emphasis was on what is necessary to produce compiled
professional code I plan to add more information to the
Source Book as I find the time A number of sections came
from the QHJ, but were expanded with more information
The whole document (along with many others) can be
found on my web page:
www.geocites com/Silicon Valley/Pines/5865/
ast issue covered two different languages, Perl and
AWK. This started me thinking about other
^languages that are available on the QL and who, if
any, uses them, A number of people have ported different
languages to the QL, from the then popular XLISP, to the
now popular Perl, Each language has it's own features and
reasons for being. What I want to know is, who uses these
languages? Has anybody done anything useful with these
languages? Do you have a favorite language that you like to
program in? If you use a language on the QL other than
Assembly, C, SuperBasic, or Perl (we just touched it), let
me know Tell me what language you use, what you use it
for, how it suits your needs, and provide an example of a
useful tool you've created with the language.
Structured SuperBasic 2.6.1
ne project keeping me away from working on the
QHJ was updating Structured SuperBasic. I've made
a few minor changes to it that allows it to much
more useful. I've also added a new utility that makes it SSB
0
production easier.
The two changes are :
1 - Added a second command line argument of Starting
Line Number. This was made so that SSB would be used
with the Unix utility 'make'. Make, which comes with the
C68 distribution, is a tool designed to only compile those
sections of code that have changed. With SSB, if you have
a program comprised of 5 program files, and you only
change 1 one them, you have to run SSB on the whole lot
(if you've used ^include statements). Using 'make', you
leave out the ^include statements and let make run the SSB
filter for you. If you have only changed 1 file, the only that
file is converted from _SSB to _BAS, then all of the _BAS
files are added together into one file (using 'cat', another
Unix utility)
I'm not saying that we all should be using 'make', but I
wanted the ability to use it built into SSB
2 - When using the command line, if SSB fails with an
error, the _BAS file is deleted. This was need for the
SSBGO, the utility mentioned below.
3 - Better error reporting.
SSBGO
T
he
SSBGO.
automates
new utility is
running SSB and Qliberator. SSBGO was designed
to be used with MicroEmacs. From MicroEmacs, I
would saved a file, then use the execute-program command.
I would enter
ssbgo flpl_file &
(the & is to EXEC it and not EXEC_W it)
SSBGO will then run SSB on 'flpl file_ssb' (_ssb is the
default extension). Once it has file_bas, it then load file_bas
in to SuperBasic, SAVEs the file to a temporary file, checks
it for the keyword MISTake and exists if one exists. If not,
it executes the LIBERATE command, which is the
command line interface to Qliberator. Qliberator then fires
up, compiles the program, and finishes So I have gone
from having SSB source to a compiled program in just a
few minutes, with only one command. SSBGO can be use
with other editors, you just need to CTRL-C out of the
editor, EXEC SSBGO, and let it run.
SSB261ZIP is available on my web page.
FileConfig
""T^nother program that I have been working on is
A FileConfig The short explanation is that FileConfig
— - -As an automated version of BasConfig, by O. Fink
(and modified by Norman Dunbar and Dilwyn Jones) With
BasConfig, you can't edit an existing Config Block, only
create a new one, With FileConfig, you store the definition
of a Config Block in a text file. If you need to edit a Config
Block, edit the definition file, run FileConfig, and you have
a new Config Block
ileConfig is designed for programmers and has very
minimal error' checking. It does not verify the data
put into the Config Blocks, which means that you
could attempt to put the character A into a Byte item If you
ZXir QLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
T
attempt this, the results will be "undefined", which is a nice
way of saying, "you are on your own." FileConfig is
available on my web site.
Microemacs Macros
hierry Godefroy has ported over the latest version of
MicroEmacs 4.00 to the QL He has added Pointer
Environment support for MicroEmacs, including
menu items for all the commands. This has made
MicroEmacs much more appealing and much easier to use.
Just before this port, I had been playing with a little with
configuring MicroEmacs and tinkering with macros. I have
tried using macros in the past, but I had not quite figured
out how to use them. With all the commands now available
from pull-down menus, it is very easy to execute a macro
from a file.
~~~~Y|ow that I know how to execute macros from a file,
|\| the next thing was to figure out what would be
^useful to write as a macro.
I've looked over some macros that I found on the
MicroEmacs web page. These macros helped create HTML
files. These macros would query the user for any
information it needed when creating HTML constructs
This means that an application could be written in macros,
querying the user for certain data, and generate an end
product Given the math functions built into MicroEmacs,
one could write short little calculating programs, just like
we did, years ago, on the ZX-81.
he macro I wrote to show how this works is a simple
mail-merge like application The user creates a
document, with fields marked out where they want
T
information to go. Here is a short example
@fname@ @lname@
@street@
@cit.y@
Hello @fname@,
How are you today? How is your
@wife@?
Signed,
~TTi ere t ^ lere are fi e ^ s marked for first name, last name,
H street, city, and wife's' name. Since this is a text
editor, I used an at sign (@) at the beginning and
wife
end of each field to make it distinct from the rest of the test.
The macro will first' query the user for the information and
then it will go through the text file, replacing the marked
fields with the user provided data. A macro like this can be
useful if you are writing a Christmas letter that you to make
a little more personal, but still save time in writing. The
macro is faster than editing the document yourself, or even
running the same search-and-replace queries.
The command
set %var.iable @ "String"
tells MicroEmacs to query the user for input, showing
"String" on the command line, and store the data in the
variable %variable Without the at sign (@), the string
"String" would be stored in %variable.
;This macro will query the user for
some items
; and then replace them with marked
fields in the
; text file.
goto-line 1
set %fname @"First Name : "
set %lname @"Last Name : "
set %addr @ "Street. Address : "
set %city @"City "
set %wife @"Wife's First Name : "
write-message "Replacing Text ..."
replace-string "@fname@" %fname
/ Need to goto to the beginning of the
; file because the search starts from
; where the cursor is to the end of
file.
beginning-of-f ile
replace-string "@lname@" %lname
beginning-of-f ile
replace-string "@street@" %addr
beginning-of-f ile
replace-string "@city@" %city
beginning-of-f ile
replace-string "@wi.fe@" %wife
beginning-of-f ile
write-message "Done ..."
^hen Thierry introduced spell checking with
W MicroEmacs 4 00, it only allowed spell checking of
-A single word, already marked. I thought it would be
a good idea to write a macro that would talk through a file
and spell check them all Thierry has since mentioned that
he is looking to expand the spell checking capability to be
more user friendly But, still the idea of writing a macro to
walk through a file, word by word, seemed like a good
challenge. Below is the macro
store-procedure get-word
set. $kill ""
! force next-word
set-mark
! force end-of -word
copy-region
set %word $kill
; write-message &cat "The Word is : "
%word
! endm
end-of-f ile
set %end $curline
beginning-of-f ile
'while &less $curline %end
get-word
write-message scat "Word is : " %word
! endwhile
Program Internationalization
~~Y|bout 10 years ago I attended some vendor training
A on how to program and extend their particular office
automation suite One of the things that I took away
from the training was how they designed their system to
adapt to many languages. Recently the method came to
mind . As I was thinking about the possibilities of using this
method in my own programs, I pondered over it's
limitations and what other methods might be used.
After some thought I have considered three different
approaches to allowing a program to support multiple
languages:
- Text File
- One file per language
- All languages stored in executable
- One executable per language
ZXir QLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
efore covering the different approaches, the main
thing that each approach hinges on is the storage of
all output messages in an array Instead of having a
line like this:
PRINT #3, "File Not Found"
You would have something like this:
PRINT #3,messay_array$ (35)
~^|ince the output messages are not hard coded, the
O array can be changed to suit the language. For every
possible output message you would have to put an
entry in the array. Granted this will make reading and
maintaining the source code more difficult, but it does make
supporting different languages so easy.
ow the difference in each approach is how to store
the different arrays for each language. Each method
has some pluses and minuses and each have to taken
to the program, with no change to the executable
~r~Y|ne way of getting ar ound the overhead of reading in
CJ a text file is to store all of the messages of all the
-languages in the executable and have a command
line option or environment variable determine which
language is chosen. With SuperBasic the different messages
would be stored in DATA statements When the
determination of which language is made, the program
would read select which DATA statements to read into the
array.
here are two disadvantages to this approach. First,
the space needed for each languages may add
significantly to the size of the executable. Secondly,
T
into consideration for each programs needs.
The first method mentioned, Text File, is the method that I
learned in the training class. The developers created a text
file, in each language, of all of the possible messages. Each
file would be given a different name The program would
expect a certain file name The current language would be
renamed to that file name. When the program was executed,
the program would read the file and load messages from the
file into the array.,
he problem with this method is the overhead of
reading in the file. If you have a program that may
be executed many times in a single session, the
A
T
i
if a new language is needed to be added, then the program
has to be recompiled.
nother approach is to create the program the same
way as the previous approach, but use conditional
compilation to create an executable for each
language. This will cut down on the amount of space
needed for the message data, but it does mean that a
different executable would have to be distributed for each
language. If you included each language executable on the
distribution media, then this approach may work.
~^~Y]iven the wide distribution of QL users and the many
(j different languages, having a localized version of an
application may make an application more accepted
speed of the program will suffer from reading in the
language file each time. If you are writing an application
that once executed will run for a while, such as a word
processor or spreadsheet. One advantage of having that
messages in a text file is that new languages can be added
in the community The difficult part will be in translating
the messages into different languages. If the Text File
approach is used, then users could translate the messages
and distribute the new language file to other users I believe
something like this has been done with various dictionary
files.
TS-2068 ROM ByPass Board Features and Options Ii
by the late William Pedersen WDJUP
1 The PULL rear connector is repeated so other
accessories can be used, including a bank switching
controller and back-plane.
2. Use two 28 pin sockets for "HOME ROM" and two
for "EXROM". That way you can use RAM chips before
burning EPROM' s. You can plug in a direct replacement
for 6264 RAM, but not 43256.
3.. When using EPROM, a 27128 chip can be used for
"HOME ROM", leaving one socket empty.
4. When using ROM for "EXROM", use 43256 chips for
reasons of economy. (32K*8bits)
5 "EXROM" memory from 0 to 32K is assumed to be
43256 "ROM" or 27256 EPROM (See Pig. 2a,c)
6 Write-protect switches are used when RAM takes the
place of ROM One covers "HOME ROM", the other
CHUNKS #0 thru #3 of "EXROM" .
7. Other switches allow RAM to be initialized (written)
before being configured as "ROM". This allows HOME
ROM and EXROM to be copied to external RAM
8. A jumper is provided to eliminate battery backup once
EPROM has been installed in place of write-protected
"HOME" ROM
Because bypass operations need BE to operate, and
external banks have higher priority, the board must monitor
BE' to avoid conflict. The circuit shown breaks into the BE
signal line to make this possible.
The average user wants better operation, more
memory, more gadgets and software which makes use of
them, who can blame them, but not everyone has the
technical knowledge and skill to do it on their own
The design presented here is hereby declared PUBLIC
DOMAIN, with the blessings of The WIDJUP co. Suppliers
are free to manufacture, but it is strongly suggested that The
WIDJUP co be consulted when doing 80
PROCEDURE
! SI SWITCH SETTINGS
! a b c d e f
ON ON OFF (Fig 1)
I ON ON OFF (Fig 1)
(Pig 2c)
(Fig 2a) ON ON ON
(Fig 2b) ON OFF
! NOTES
! ROM/EPSOM EPROM !
! 0-8,8-16K; 0-16K !
! (PGM High) J
i 0-16K Read Only J
0-32,32-64K;0-32K!
1 32-64X RD/WR j
0-32K Read Only |
0-32K Read Only |
NORMAL OPERATION:
"HOME":
Using EPROM
Using RAM as "ROM"
"EXROM":
Using EPROM & RAM
Using RAM as "ROM"
EXROM Removed
COPYING INTERNAL ROM:
HOME to "HOME" RAM:
EXROM to "EXROM" RAM:
EXROM to EPROM ROM:
EXROM Removed
OFF OFF ON (Fig 1)
(Pig 2a) OFF OFF OFF
(Fig 2c)
(Fig 2b) OFF ON
Write Only 0-16K !
Write Only 0-8K !
Done Externally |
Before removal |
Read/Write 0-1.6K !
Read/Write 0-32K !
Done Exterally
Read/Write 0-32X ',
MAKING "ROM" CHANGES:
"HOME": )
"EXROM": !
EPROM: !
EXROM HeiBoved ]
ON ON ON (Fig 1)
(Fig 2a) ON ON OFF ,
(Fig 2c) j
(Fig 2b) ON ON |
ZXir QLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
This Bypass Design Stands Alone.
Nevertheless, RGB video, analog signals, external
power sources, bus re-powering and attachment of
back-planes are features best located on the same board.
Provisions for adding features would satisfy those not yet
ready for slot expansion.
It is quite easy to copy internal ROM to the bypass boar d
10 REM Fig 1: HOME ROM
20 FOR N = 0 TO 16383
30 POKE N, PEEK N
4 0 NEXT N
1 0 " " REM " Fig" 2 a : " " EXROM
2 0 SAVE "EXROM" CODE 0, 8196
30 LOAD "EXROM" CODE 0, 8196
Once an updated operating system is available, the most
*5MK
Fiyun 2c: EXROM Bypass /EPROM
= 43256 BftH
mm t« rm
27256 IPS0H
to ?FFF
is Volatile
ITSZ868
Bear
Conn.
97-
ft-
ps-
M-
93-
92-
91-
M-
43296
-4CA12 tMD 2 ^
J2
-fens mj**-
-*CI4 *UD&
-*C 13 61 D**
A: 12 aisp 21
2SS!
coi
27256
C5
.1*1
.iuj
«1
(C) 1988 William J. Fed'
convenient way to oper ate is with a combination of Figure 1
(with a single 27128) and Figure 2c. The switches and
battery backup can be eliminated. All you need are the
proper EPROMs and board. The TS2068 will still operate
without the board attached. If you like to change operating
systems, like using SPECTRUM or CP/M, So you COULD
have a set of EPROMs for each This requir es no special
knowledge or procedures. There is, however, another way.
If you like to try your hand at making operating system
changes by yourself, you can
If you prefer to simply load one of several operating
systems provided by others, you can.
The combination of Figure 1 and Figure 2a can hold
any operating system including the original. Using a fairly
simple procedure which can be prompted by a loaded
program, any operating system can be "booted"
into the TS2068 as software, just like other
computers do,
The switches on the board are hardware in the
figures, but they could easily be operated by I/O,
making booting entirely automatic.
Once a system has been booted, you don't
have to repeat it every time you turn your
computer off and on . Who said the TS2068 is an
orphan?
It is probably best to explain a little bit
about how these circuits work without getting
too technical.
If you ever tried writing to ROM, you
know nothing happens All you can do is read
from it These boards have STATIC RAM
covering the same address space as ROM. That
CAN be written to. you just have to be careful
not to read anything back or confusion reigns.
This is solved by a switch which prevents
reading from RAM.
It is interesting that a program can be
running in ROM at the same time it is being
"written to" . There is no interference. In fact, the
ROM program can make a copy of itself in
RAM, down to the last detail .
Ah hall! Now we can switch from ROM to
RAM, switch the RAM to read-only, and you
can't see anything different — so why do it?
You wouldn't, of course Why copy ROM
code when you can do better? The only reasons
you might are to check out the hardware and to
get a head start on making your own code
modifications.
The rest of the circuitry makes sure that not
only will your present programs run without
changes, but that features TIMEX left out WILL
It will if you want, that is. Should you want
FORTRAN, Pascal, FORTH, or something else
instead, it is possible The TS2068 hardware is a
marvel of design. It lends itself to
bank-switching for large memory capacity It has
no inherent problems with time-sharing. It is
fast It has no problem working with an
expansion back-plane, DMA, nor other bus
masters
It Can Even Run IBM & Clone Accessories!
ZXirQLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
Function for Creating User Defined Graphics <udgs)
in HiSoft Pascal
Article and Program by David Solly
Unlike Sinclair BASIC, HiSoft Pascal does not have
any reserved words like BIN to allow the user to create
User Defined Graphics (UDGs) However, it is fairly simple
to write your own function for creating UDGs within Pascal.
The program listed below shows how I created the function
LOADUDG() The function has been written in such a way
that it allows UDGs to be defined from elements supplied by
the user through the keyboard, (Demo #1), or through hard
coding within the program, (Demo #2). How this is
achieved is explained in the program annotations. It only
remains to be said that once the source code for
LOADUDGO has been typed and debugged, the function
may be saved to a library and called whenever required Use
and enjoy!
i® t.
% #
f O f
ip<|
*
*«*>
>
fit &
Tf
t
i S
f|| ft
h
t
> 14.f5
111 %
h
t
C" JU W>
■1W >i!W.f
t
« StibV' Sims
e
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i
m s
n
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HI s
fi
Program Listing
PROGRAM UDGDEFINE;
{
This is a HiSoft. Pascal Program.
This program must be compiled in 31
column mode.
Program by David Solly
Written: July 12, 1998
Purpose :
To demonstrate how user defined
graphics (UDGs) can
be defined within a HiSoft Pascal
Program.
}
VAR
L, GGC, GGC2, GGC3 : CHAR;
{Graphic to define, Demo Graphics 1, 2
& 3}
GO, Gl, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6, G7, I :
INTEGER;
{Graphic elements 0 to 7, Loop
counter }
{These variables allow UDGs to be
definded by elements
supplied by the useser through the
keyboard}
FUNCTION LOADUDG (
LC : CHAR;
LGO, LG1, LG2, LG3, LG4, LG5, LG6, LG7
: INTEGER) : CHAR;
VAR
GC : CHAR; {To hold character of
the UDG when found}
LOC : INTEGER; {To hold the UDG start
address }
BEGIN
{Find the UDG to define
UDGs start at CHR(144), i.e. 79
characters after 'A' and are
usually referred to as Graphic A,
Graphic B . . Graphic U. }
GC := CHR(ORD(LC) + 79);
{Find how many characters it is into
the alphabet}
LOC : = ORD (LC) - ORD ( 'A' ) ;
{Calculate the address of the 1st
element in the
UDG buffer
Note: The start of the UDG buffer is
65638d but flex notation
must be used here
compliment error.}
to avoid a 2's
LOC := (LOC * 8) + #FF58;
{Poke 1st element of the UDG into its
memory location
then add 1 to LOC for each additional
element }
POKE (LOC, LGO)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG1)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG2)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG3)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG4)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG5)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG6)
LOC := LOC + 1
POKE (LOC, LG7)
LOADUDG := GC;
END;
BEGIN {Main Program.}
{DEMO #1: Define UDG from data entered
through the keyboard}
PAGE;
{Fetch the letter for UDG definition}
WRITE ('UDG to define > T );
READLN; {Required in HS Pascal}
READ ( L ) ;
ZXir QLive Alive!
Autumn 1999
{Fetch the 8 elements for the UDG}
WRITELN;
WRITE ( ' Element 0 > ' );
READLN; {Required in HS Pascal}
READ (GO) ;
WRITE ( ' Element 1 > ');
READLN;
READ (Gl) ;
WRITE ( ' Element 2 > f ) ;
READLN;
READ (G2) ;
WRITE ( ' Element 3 > ' ) ;
READLN;
READ (G3) ;
WRITE ( 'Element 4 > ' ) ;
READLN;
READ (G4) ;
WRITE ( 'Element 5 > ');
READLN;
READ ( G5 ) ;
WRITE ( 'Element 6 > 1 ) ;
READLN;
READ ( G6) ;
WRITE ( 'Element. 7 > ' ) ;
READLN;
READ (G7) ;
{Define the UDG}
GGC := LOADUDG (L, GO, Gl, G2, G3, G4,
G5, G6, G7) ;
{Write out 2 lines of the new UDG}
PAGE ;
FOR I := 1 TO 64 DO
WRITE (GGC) ;
WRITELN;
WRITELN;
{DEMO #2: Examples of direct. UDG
definition}
{Space Alien #1}
GGC2 := LOADUDG ('B', 24, 60, 90, 126,
24, 36, 66, 0) ;
{Write out 2 lines of the new UDG}
FOR I := 1 TO 64 DO
WRITE (GGC 2) ;
WRITELN;
WRITELN;
{Space Alien #2}
GGC3 := LOADUDG CC, 24, 36, 24, 90,
189, 153, 165, 12.9);
{Write out 2 lines of the new UDG}
FOR I := 1 TO 64 DO
WRITE (GGC3) ;
WRITELN;
WRITELN;
END.
sssssssssssssssa
aaaaBHKKSSSSSffiKK
a
emembe ring 30-seconds
in fire and
>Jr' « * »
Are they
guilty?
Wyatt Earp
BILL HESS
Herald/Review
TOMBSTONE — It's part of Western
lore. More than a century ago, eight, men en-
gaged in a 30-second gun battle in a corral.
Three died in the bail of bullets, and the
accusations of who did what and why are
still Hying today.
One side says the lawmen murdered their
opponents. The backers of the Earp brothers
and Doc Holhday claimed the fight was lair
and the deaths of the "cowboys'' was justifi-
able homicide
Was it murder or self-defense is still the
for more on ttto mock trial,
see peso 181
unanswered question of the events at the
OK Corral on Oct . 26. 1881
There was no trial for Wyatt Earp, his
brothers Virgil and Morgan and John Henry
"Doe" Holliday for the deaths of Billy (dan
ton and the McLaury brothers, Frank and
Tom. Until now. Wyatt Earp and Doc Holii-
tlny — both b-ng dc.sd - will face justice in
a Phoenix coif t 1 <>om Thursday,
The two ln?ij.r-dond men are being "sued'
for causing ihe wrongful death of the
McLaury brothers in a civil suit filed by the
dead mens mother What will be used
against the men art accounts of the action
based on testimony of witnesses and the ac -
cused themselves gleaned from a hearing or
inquest, conducted for almost a month by
Tombstone Magistrate Wells Spicer in No-
vember of 1 881
Spicer' concluded that no juts would find
Wyatt Finn -a Holliday guiSs v of murder and
he ordered the two men rt U osed from jail
Wyatt harp and Hnllidav had been jailed
without bond after their arrest <m Nov
1881.
i Friday, June 18, 1999 Page Hi A
ZXir QLive Alive!
12
Autumn 1999
Hem in IHebFi m Tfte 3N SpaatiLfn
Les Coitrell
Part -6 Cont.
5E4C F3 DI
5E4D C9 RET
This code decrypts the headerless file we have just loaded
in. The decrypter is CALLed to, and it's the same one we
had before (with the RRD). So, in actual fact, we can forget
about the BASIC loader; just load in the headerless file
normally and run our own decrypter. For now, just put a
breakpoint at #5E4D and JP to #5E3F. The RET is to
#9C40
9C40 21 52 9C LD HL, #9C52
9C43 01 90 01 LD BC,#0190
9C4 6 16 A5 LD D, #A5
9C4 8 7E LD A, (HL)
9C49 AA. XOR D
9C4A 77 LD (HL) , A
9C4B 23 INC HL
9C4C OB DEC BC
9C4D 78 LD A, B
9C4E Bl OR C
9C4F C2 48 9C JP NZ,9C48
This is a decrypter, and you can crack it in one of two ways.
Firstly, you can copy if to somewhere else, put a breakpoint
on the end, and run it from there, or you can replace the JP
NZ,9C48 with JR NZ,9C48 Both do the same thing, but the
JR NZ only uses two bytes. This means we can put a RET
at #9C51 and CALL the decrypter So change #9C4F to
#20, #9C50 to #F7 and #9C51 to #C9, then put a CALL
#9C40 and a breakpoint somewhere convenient (such as
#5B00) and run the decrypter from there. When decrypted,
the code continues at #9C52.
9C52 21 63 9C LD HL,#9C63
9C55 11 45 FE LD DE,#FE45
9C58 01 90 01 LD BC,#0190
9C5B ED B0 LDIR
9C5D 31 84 FD LD SP,#FD84
9C60 C3 45 FE JP #FE45
This moves the code we've just decrypted to #FE45, sets
the stack pointer to #FD84, and JPs to #FE45. Put a
breakpoint at #9C60 and JP to #9C52.
Now at #FE45, we come to the actual loading system itself
FE45 3E 8 4 LD A, #84
FE47 11 00 18 LD DE,#1800
FE4A DD 21 00 40 LD IX, #4000
FE4E CD AB FE CALL #FEAB
This code loads in a headerless file with start #4000 and
length #1800 (which is the display file for the screen).
Nothing too unusual about that
FE51 11 00 04 LD DE,#0400
FE54 DD 21 FF 5B LD IX, #5BFF
FE58 CD 2 A FF CALL #FF2A
...except that as soon as it's done that, it loads in a block
with start #5BFF and length #0400 straight away. This
block is "sandwiched" right next to the other block on the
tape. This particular block loads "backwards".
FE5B 11 El 01 LD DE, #01E1
FE5E DD 21 IF FE LD IX, #FE1F
FE62 CD FA FA CALL ftE'EFA
And here's another block of the same kind, except it's
loaded forwards this time. What's worse is that it's going to
overwrite the code we're looking at now, so it must be a
"modification" to the loading system (similar to the Mikro-
Gen loader), To get round this, we would have to copy the
code somewhere else, stick a breakpoint on the end, and run
it from there. But remember that the loading system was
copied from address #9C63, so there is, in actual fact, a
copy of the code anyway . You want to put a breakpoint at
#9C83 (the instruction after loading these three blocks), and
JP to #9C63. Then start the tape and load in the next
headerless block The loading screen will appear, and the
game will load for about four seconds, then control will
return to the disassembler Now look at the code at #FE65
FE65 11 ID 9F LD DE,#9F1D
FE68 DD 21 1C FA LD IX, #FA1C
FE6C CD 2A FF CALL #FF2A
This code loads the main game backwards This will
overwrite your disassembler, so you will have to put the
NEW routine at #FE6F (but write down all the bytes you
are replacing, because you'll need to restore ail the original
code later) Then you will have to go back and load the first
block, because there isn't a header for the main game block
Change #FE4D to #01, #FE57 to #10 and #FE61 to #01 -
this will make the computer try to load the three blocks into
the ROM. Then rewind the tape back to the start of this
headerless block, JP #FE45, and start the tape, Upond
loading the whole block, the computer will reset. Load in
your disassembler, and replace the code from the NEW
routine to the values they should be Now you can tackle
the final part of the loading system.
FE6F 11 E4 12 " LD DE, #12E4
FE72 DD 21 FF FF LD IX, #FFFF
FE7 6 C3 7 0 FF JP #FF70
FF70 3E 00 LD A, 0
FF72 D3 FE OUT (#FE) ,A
FF74 CD IF FE CALL #FE1F
FF77 21 43 FE LD HL, #FE43
FF7A BE CP (HL)
FF7B CA 8 9 FF JP Z,#FF8 9
FF7E 21 48 EE LD HL,#EE48
FF81 01 FF FF LD BC, #FFFF
FF84 11 49 EE LD DE,#EE4 9
FF87 ED B0 LDIR
The routine at #FE1F adds up all the memory in the screen
to get a value in the D register This is then compared with
the value of the byte at #FE43 If there is no match, all the
memory is blanked out, so the value in the D register must
be the same as the byte at #FE43 . You should find that the
byte is #E6. You need to know this for later on
FF89 21 A3 FF LD HL, #FFA3
FF8C 01 45 00 LD BC,#0045
FF8F 7 A LD A, D
FF90 AE XOR (HL)
FF92 23 INC HL
FF93 0B DEC BC
FF94 7 8 LD A, B
FF95 Bl OR C
FF96 C2 8F FF JP NZ,#FF8F
This is all we can disassemble for the moment, because the
ZXir QLive Alive!
13
Autumn 1999
code from #FF89 to #FF98 decrypts the final part of the
loader. Change the byte at #FF87 to #16, and the byte at
#FF88 to #E6 (this is LD D,#E6, which is used in the
decrypter), put a breakpoint at #FF99, and JP to #FF87.
Then continue the disassembly .
FF99 CD 31 FE CALL #FE31
FF9C 21 44 FE LD HL / #FE44
FF9F BE CP (HL)
FFAO C2 7E FF JP NZ,#FF7E
This code checks the main game, coming out with a result
in the E register. However, this value is never used, so you
can ignore this whole routine.
Following on
FFA3 21 CO 5D LD HL, #5DC0
FFA6 01 30 75 LD BC,#7530
FFA9 CD D4 FF CALL #FFD4
FFAC 21 CO 5D LD HL, #5DC0
FFAF 01 30 75 LD BC,#7530
FFB2 CD DE FF CALL #FFDE
FFB5 21 1C FA LD HL, #FA1C
FFB8 11 1C FF LD DE, #FF1C
FFBB 01 ID 9F LD BC,#9F1D
FFBE ED B8 LDIR
FFC0 21 10 A7 LD HL,#A710
FFC3 22 36 5C LD (#5C3 6),HL
ETC 6 01 10 DF LD BC,#DF10
FFC9 AF XOR A
FFCA ED 42 SBC HL, BC
FFCC 31 FF FF LD SP, FFFF
FFCF ED 56 IM1
FFD1 C3 6F 00 JP #00 6F
0 0 6F E9 JP (HL)
This routine runs the game Decrypters, moves the game
into the right place, sets the stack and the interrupts, and
puts the start address for the game in the HL register.
Change the #006F at #FFD2 to somewhere where you can
put a NEW routine (such as #5B00), because the
disassembler will be overwritten. Then, change the value at
#FF A1 to 16, and the value at #FFA2 to #E6 (because one
decrypter uses the value in the D register), and JP to
#FFA2. When that's done, you can reload your
disassembler, and hack the game using a forwards and
backwards trace (but you won't be able to run the code
because some of it's missing!)
Now we'll write a complete hack for the game You
have to be a bit careful about where you put your hack in
memory, because a lot of memory is overloaded The first
free address we can put the code at is #FA1D,
FA1D DD 21 40 9C LD IX,#9C40
FA21 11 90 01 LD DE,#0190
FA24 3E 07 LD A, #07
FA2 6 37 SCF
FA27 CD 56 05 CALL #0556
FA2A 30 Fl JR NC, #FA1D
This loads in the first headerless block using the values set
up in the BASIC loader
FA2C 0 6 FF LD B, #FF
FA2E 21 40 9C LD HL,#9C40
FA31 7E LD A, (HL)
FA32 ED 6 RRD
FA34 23 INC HL
FA35 10 FA DJNZ #FA31
FA37 0 6 FF LD B, #FF
ZXir QLive Alive!
FA39 7E LD A, (HL)
FA3A ED 67 RRD
FA3C 2.3 INC HL
FA3D 10 FA DJNZ, #FA39
This decrypts the headerless block.
FA3F 21 20 F7 LD HL,#F720
FA42 22 4F 9C LD (#9C4F),HL
FA4 5 3E C9 LD A, #C9
FA46 32 51 9C LD (#9C51),A
FA4 9 CD 40 9C CALL #9C40
This changes the JP NZ at #9C4F to a JR NZ and a RET,
then calls the decrypter.
FA4C 3E C3 LD A, #C3
FA4E 32. 83 9C LD (#9C83),A
FA51 21 5A FA LD HL, #FA5A
FA54 22 84 9C LD (#9C84),HL
FA57 C3 63 9C JP #9C63
This puts a JP back to our hack at #9C83, and jumps to
#9C63 to load the first part of the headerless block .
FA5A 3E C9 ' LD A, #C9
FA5C 32 6F FE LD (#FE6F),A
FA5F CD 65 FE CALL #FE65
This puts a RET after the code to load the rest of the game,
then CALLs that loading procedure.
FA62 21 E6 16 LD HL,#16E6
FA65 22 87 FF LD (#FF87),HL
FA68 3E C9 LD A, #C9
FA 6 A 32 99 F LD (#FF99),A
FA6D CD 87 FF CALL #FF87
This patches in the LD D,#E6, puts a RET at the end of the
decrypter, and CALLs it
FA7 0 21 7E FA LD HL, #FA7E
FA73 11 00 40 LD DE,#4000
FA76 01 20 00 LD BC,#0020
FA7 9 ED B0 LDIR
FA7B C3 00 40 JP #4 000
This code moves our hack into the screen memory (so it
isn't affected by the LDIR which overwrites it in the next
bit of code), and jumps to it ther e
FA7E 21 0B 4 0 LD HL,#4 00B
FA81 22 D2 FF LD (#FFD2),HL
FA84 16 E6 LD D, #E6
FA8 6 C3 A3 FF JP #FFA3
This code replaces the JP #006F with a JP back to our hack
(which is in the screen memory by this time), and JPs to
#FFA3 We have to include the LD D,#E6 again, because
the value of DE was corrupted by the LDIR.
FA8 9 AF XOR A
FA8A 32 C6 CD LD (#CDC6),A
FA8D E9 JP (HL)
This sets the infinite lives POKE, and does a JP (HL) to
start the game.
Phew! I hope you managed to get all that, because it's
really hard to do without a Multiface If you can do it, then
you've definitely got the hang of things, so keep it up!
SEARCH LOADER
This loading system appears on every game ever written by
Steve Marsden (who wrote the original loading system), as
well as a few others. You can recognize them by their fancy
front end, which consists of a countdown timer,
accompanied by animated graphics and/or instructions,
which appear as the game loads. The only game I've
actually got at the moment that's got a Search Loader on it
Autumn 1999
is Technician Ted, so I'm going to have to hack that.
So, *Hack the BASIC loader, and let's see what it's got to
offer...
Chip Fact LINE 0 LEN 73 6
0 RANDOMIZE USR 24341
The rest of the BASIC is a load of garbage which consists
of the machine code for the game. It is stored in a similar
way to that in the Mikro Gen loader. 24341 is 5F15 hex, so
disassemble this address
5F15 F3 DI
5F16 21 00 40 LD HL,#4000
5F19 11 01 40 LD DE,#4001
5F1C 01 FF 17 LD BC, #17FF
5F1F 36 00 LD (HL) , 0
5F21 ED B0 LDIR
This code blanks out the screen.
5F23 CD 32 5E CALL #5E32
The routine at #5E32 sets up the attributes for the screen
i.e.: red banners at the top and bottom, black background
with varying ink colors in the middle
5F26
C3
38
5F JP #5F38
5F3 8
21
AB
5F LD HL, #5 FAB
5F3B
01
59
AO LD BC,#A059
5F3E
31.
00
5C LD SP,#5C00
5F41
3A
A8
5F LD A, (#5FA8)
5F44
57
LD D, A
5F45
IE
0B
LD E,#0B
5F47
7A
LD A,D
5F48
87
ADD A, A
5F49
87
ADD A, A
5F4A
87
ADD A, A
5F4B
87
ADD A, A
5F4C
82
ADD A,D
5F4D
83
ADD A,E
5F4E
57
LD D, A
5F4F
77
LD (HL) ,A
5F50
23
INC HL
5F51
0B
DEC BC
5F52
78
LD A, B
5F53
Bl
OR C
5F54
20
Fl
JR NZ,#5F47
This routine fills ail of the memory above #5 FAB with
unexecutable code, It is, however, extremely important
code, as we shall see later on.
5F56 CD 93 5F CALL #5F93
This routine at #5F93 just messes around with the garbage a
bit more.
5F59 CD 8 0 5D CALL #5D8 0
The routine at #5D80 scrolls in the title messages for the
game, accompnied by annoying clicks
5F5C
3A
66
80 LD A,
(#8066)
5F5F
6F
LD L, A
5F60
3A
E6
60 LD A,
(#60E6)
5F63
67
LD H,A
5F64
E5
PUSH HL
5F65
3A
4F
FC LD A,
(#FC4F)
5F68
5F
LD E, A
5F69
3A
OF
60 LD A,
(#600F)
5F6C
57
LD D, A
5F6D
DD
El
POP IX
5F6F
37
SCF
5F70
3E
FF
LD A, #FF
5F72
14
INC D
5F73
08
EX AF,AF'
5F74
15
DEC D
5F75
3A
66
63 LD A,
(#6366)
5F78
6F
LD L, A
5F7 9
3A
E6
63 LD A,
(#63E6)
5F7C
67
LD H, A
5F7D
E5
PUSH HL
5F7E
DB
FE
OUT (#FE)
. A
5F80
IF
RRA
5F81
E6
20
AND #2 0
5F83
F6
01
OR #01
5F85
4F
LD C,A
5F86
BF
CP A
5F87
F5
PUSH AF
5F88
3A
87
65 LD A,
(#6587)
5F8B
6F
LD L, A
5F8C
3A
85
6 LD A,
(#6485)
5F8F
6
LD H, A
F1
POP AF
5F91
E5
PUSH HL
5F92
C9
RET
This code takes values out of the garbage and puts them in
certain registers. It then imitates the start of the ROM
loading routine, and puts some values on the stack At
#5F92, the values of the registers are: Hl= #Q56B,
DE=#03C3, IX=#8000, and the values on the stack are first
#056B, then #8000. So, this code will load a headerless file
with start #8000 and length #0363, then will JP straight to
#8000 We can do away with the BASIC loader altogether
in the final hack by mimicking the headerless loader. This
is done using the following program.
5B00
F3
DI
5B01
31
00
5C LD SP,#5C00
5B04
DD
21
00 80 LD IX, #8000
5B08
11
C3
03 LD DE,#03C3
5B0B
3E
FF
LD A, #FF
5B0D
3
SCF
5B0E
14
INC D
5B0F
08
EX AF, AF'
5B10
15
DEC D
5B11
AF
XOR A
5B12
DB
FE
OUT (#FE),A
5B14
IF
RRA
5B15
E6
20
AND #2 0
5B17
F6
01
OR #01
5B19
4F
LD C,A
5B1A
CD
6B
05 CALL #05 6B
5B1D
This routine is slightly different than the one in the loader
for two reasons. Firstly, I've put values into the registers
directly, rather than have their values taken from bytes in
memory. Secondly, you aren't allowed by law to rip off
someone else's code, if you directly copied a loading
system into a hack, you could be sued In fact, someone
was, once! You're probably all right copying a five byte
decrypter from Powerload across, because there really isn't
any other code which can do the job in the same way,
In general, I would say don't copy code into your hack
unless you have to If you do, change it if you can so it does
the same job in a different way . Copying 40 bytes of code
directly out of a loading system is definitely out, and most
magazines wouldn't print the routine anyway.
ZXirQLive Alive!
15
Autumn 1999
There are a few commands we haven't met in the
routine. EX AF, AF concerns the swapping of registers. In
the Z80, in actual fact, there are two different sets of each
register, although only one set can ever be used at once.
Think of it like a TV set, although both registers (A and A'
in this case) are there, you can only see one at a time EX
AF,AF exchanges both the A register and the contents of
the flags. Don't worry any more about swapping registers
for now.
RRA rotates all the bits in the A register to the right.
Actually, it doesn't quite do this, but we don't need to know
about it.
If you're not using a Multiface, the garbage routine
will have overwritten the disassembler, so reload it in
anywhere below #8000 Then run the routine and restart the
tape from where you left off, A small part of the headerless
block will load in, and control will return to the
disassembler Have a look at address #8000
8000 D2 00 00 JP NC,#0000
This resets the computer if the previous headerless block
didn't load properly.
8003 3E 08 LD A, #08
8005 D3 FE OUT ( #FE) ,A
This makes the border black, and sends a signal to the
cassette recorder
8007 D9 EXX
EXX is a "general exchange" instruction, and changes the
registers B,C,D,E,H and L for their alternate sets
800E 0E 00 LD C, #00
80 OA D9 EXX
800B 26 00 LD H, #00
800D 06 80 LD B,#80
800F DD 21 1C 8C LD IX, #8C1C
8013 16 05 LD D, #05
8015 CD 41 83 CALL #8341
8018 D2 00 00 JP NC, #0000
8 0 IB 0 6 Bl LD B,#B1
8 0 ID 15 DEC D
801E 20 F5 JR NZ,#8015
This code loads in five bytes of tape (the routine at #8341
loads in information off tape into the address pointed to by
the IX register), starting at #8C1C Therefore, this tape
routine will start loading code at #8C1C.
8020 11 D8 72 LD DE,#72D8
8 023 D9 EXX
802 4 0C INC C
8 025 D9 EXX
8026 C3 7D 83 JP #837D
837D 2E 01 LD L, #01
837F CD 41 83 CALL #8341
8382 D2 00 00 JP NC,#0000
8385 3E CB LD A, #CB
8387 B8 CP B
8388 17 RLA
838 9 D9 EXX
8.38A 47 LD B,A
838B E6 01 AND #01
838D 3D INC A
838F 11 6B 80 LD DE, #8 0 6B
8392 1A LD A, (DE)
8393 A7 AND A
8394 C4 77 82 CALL NZ,#8277
This loads in a set number of bytes from tape, and then
prints some sprites on screen (the routine at #8277) This
produces all the men walking forwards and backwards
while the game loads
8397 CB 18
RRB
8399 D9
EXX
839A CB 15
RL L
839C 0 6 Bl
LD B,#B1
839E 30 DF
JR NC, #8
83A0 7C
LD A, H
83A1 AD
XOR L
83A2 67
LD H, A
83A3 7 A
LD A, D
8 3A4 B3
OR E
8 3A5 2 0 CE
JR NZ, #8
This updates the computer ready to do the next loading and
animation sequence
83A7
7C
LD A, H
83A8
A7
AND A
8 3A9
C2
00
00
JP NZ,#0000
8 3 AC
11
2F
EC
LD DE, #EC2F
83AF
06
EB
LD B, #EB
83B1
CD
41
83
CALL #8431
8 3B4
D2
00
0 0
JP NC,#0000
83B7
3E
EA
LD A, #EA
83B9
B8
CO #0B
8 3BA
D2
00
00
JP NC,#0000
83BD
42
LD B,D
83BE
15
DEC D
83BF
ID
DEC E
83C0
C2
Bl
83
JP NZ,#83B1
This loads in some more bytes from tape. When these have
finished, the computer will continue execution at address
#83C3 . The code beyond this address does nothing except
fiddle about with registers, so there might as well be
nothing there The first bit of useful code will appear at
#8C1C, but this hasn't been loaded yet. Instead, put a
breakpoint at #83C3, move the headerless loading routine
so the CALL #056B is at #7FFD, and run the code from
there. Rewind the tape a bit and reload in all of the main
headerless block When finished, you'll find the following
codeat#8ClC
8C1C
3E
5C
LD A, #5C
8C1E
21
00
40
LD HL,#4 000
8C21
54
LD D,H
8C22
5D
LD E,L
8C23
EB
EX DE, HL
8C24
4E
LD C, (HL)
8C25
23
INC HL
8C26
46
LD B, (HL)
8C27
2.3
INC HL
8C28
EB
EX DE, HL
8C29
09
ADD HL, BC
8C2A
BA
CP D
8C2B
20
F6
JR
NZ, 8C23
8C2D
11
92
5C
LD DE,#5C92
8C30
EE
5C
XOR 5C
8C32
28
EF
JR Z,#8C23
8C34
E5
PUSH. HL
This routine adds up every single byte in memory to get a
value in HL, which is PUSHed onto the stack This value is
important, because it is used in decrypting This is what the
garbage was all used for - to get the right value.
ZXir QLive Alive!
16
Autumn 1999
J
Unclassified
Ads
Place your ads here, it is free!
Mail/E-mail to: A. KAHALE 3343 S FLAT ROCK CT SIERRA VISTA AZ 85650-6874
Please inform and/or update the Editor of any changes In your ad/s
SPECTRUM for your 2068
If you are a LarKen LK-DOS owner' and would like to run SPECTRUM
programs on your system, we will supply a V2 EPROM, socket and
74HCT32 for $12 which includes shipping and handling The instal-
lation instructions are in your LarKen manual . We shall not be respon-
sible for your install job, AERCO owners need only the EPROM for
$10 forwarded to LarKen.
Bob Swoger Address on page 2
747 Jfltgbi J^tmxtlaior
So you like to fly, the 747 Flight Simulator for SPECTRUM by Derek
Ashton of DACC. Requires a SPECTRUM equipped 2068. Supplied
on LarKen SSDD or DSDD LarKen disk for $10 which goes to Derek
now working at Motorola with Bob.
Bob Swoger Address on page 2
Heme Electronics
Service
We have been a part of the Sinclair scene since 1982, repairing
ZX Spectrums for Sinclair Research in England.
We provide Sales, Service, and Software for the
QL, Spectrum, ZX-81 and Z88.
www.members.tripod.com/hes computing/hes 1 .html
E-Mail 7460 1 . 1 535@compuserve. com
Hours of Operation is Monday - Friday 1300 hrs. to 2100
hrs. central time zone.
Phone 210 661-4376
John R. Rish
Home Electronics Service
5222 Kazen Dr.
San Antonio TX 78219 USA
The John Oliger Co.
11601 Widbey Dr.
Cumberland IN 46229
The John Oliger Floppy Disk System
FOR THE TS-2068
Disk Works
Expansion Board
2068 User Cartridge
Disk Boards "A" & "B"
2068 Parallel Printer Port
2068 EPROM Programmer
2068/SPECTRUM Joystick Port
DFh Mapped Universal I/O Port board
User Manual only : $5 . 00 (Read before you buy)
Service For America's
Favorite Home Computers and Their Accessories
SINCLAIR
TIMEX ADAM ATARI IBM OSBORNE TI
COMMODORE TRS-80
BUY SELL TRADE UPGRADE
Repair Charge Examples
TS-1000, ZX-81, 1016 RAMPack, Memotech, ZEBRA Talker,
MIRACLE Centronics, RAM Centronics
$5.00 each + parts & shipping.
TS-2020, 2040, PC-8300, ZX-80, TI-99, Z-SIO, Byte-Back,
AERCO 2068 Centronics, BASICare, LarKen RAMDisk
$10.00 each + parts & shipping,
TS-2068, Spectrum, A&J MicrD, Miracle 512K, LarKen 1000
& 2068 FDI, Kempston FDI, Cumana FDI, CST FDI
$ 1 5 00 each + parts & shipping. July 1, 1996
Reasonable flat rate plus parts and shipping.
Write or call for prices, SASE appreciated
RT 1, Box 117
Cabool MO 85689
Phone 417 469-4571 417 467-4571
PLATYPUS-
SOFTWARE
till
_
4
QLAMBer $20
QLuMSi $20
SeekQL $10
Upgrades $5
914 Rio Vista Cir SW
Albuquerque NM 87105
(505) 843-8414
Make David an Offer
ZX-81/TS-1000 TS-2068 Hardware Kits
Real Time Clock I/O Controller RS-232
Centronics i/F 16K & 64K RAM 300 BAUD
Modem A-D Converter(assembied)
BYTE-BACK INC
536 Long Ter
Leesville SC 29070
ZXir QLive Alive!
17
Autumn 1999
ZX-TEXT - Word Processor
ZX-CALC - Spreadsheet
Business Software
Cycle Accounting Financial Report Generator
ZX-CALENDAR - Time Management
ZX-81 TS-1000 TS-1500 TS-2068
Albert F. Rodriguez
A . F . R . Software®
1605 Pennsylvania Ave 204
Miami Beach FL 33139
305 531-6464
&
ARCHIVE Based QL Software
QLerk - A complete financial program for the QL
QLerk software (v3.21 ) with tutorial $29
QLerk manual $29
QLerk software & manual $50
08 Easy - A menu based database system
DBEasy software (v1 .6)
DBEasy upgrade from V1 .5
DBProgs - A toolkit of ARCHIVE procedures
DBProgs software (v1.8)
DBProgs upgrade from V1 .7 $7
DBTutor - A genera! purpose learning program
DBTutor software(v1 .5)
PC DBEasy - Just like QL DBEasy but, you must have
PC ARCHIVE to use It.
PC DBEasy software (vi.3)
Bill Cable
Wood & Wind Computing
RR3 BOX 92
Cornish NH 03745 USA
Phone (603) 675-2218
$24
$7
$18
$12
$12
810 254-9878
24 hours a day
300 to 28,800 bps
Supporting all Sinclair and Timex users Fidonet
Echomail arefor Sinclair computers. Lots of new files
for you to download such asTS-2068 emulator for
those who use a PC give us a call and let us know
what you want to see. Message and file areas.
QL International, Quanta, QL Hacker's Journal,
Spectrum/2068, ZX-81 /TS-1000, Z88, NetMail,
emulators, pointer, FDFormat for QXL/QDOS, etc.
Sysop John J Impellizzeri
Co-Sysop Don Walterman
Utica, Michigan, USA
D € m i n c Cu fc> e $
hardware 6 Softw&re
352 7 th Ave. 15 th Fir.
New York, NY 10001
Phone 212 631-7563
Fax 212 947-5069 Voice mail pager 917 490-8407
Domino. cubes@excelsior. net
1ST 111£ Newsletter
TLe Long Island Sinciaip/Times Users Group
Robert Malloy, Treasurer
412 Pacific St.
Massapequa Park, NY 11762
NESQLUG
New England Sinclair QL Users Group
Ed Kingsley, Editor
16 Highland Avenue
Saugus MA 01906
(781)233-3671 EdK4@aoj.com
QL
Hacker's Journal
Supporting All QL Programmers
Timothy Swenson, Editor
2455 Medallion Dr.
Union City, CA 94587-1914
swensontc@geocities.com
http://www.geocities.com/SilconValley/Pines/5865/
CATS
Newsletter
The Capital Area T/S Users Group
Barry Washington
7044 Cindy Ln
Annandale VA 22003
301 589-7407
BBS 301 588-0579
internet mtD002@epfl2.epflbalto.org
Alec Carswel!
Motivation
16 Montgomery Ave
Beith Ayrshire KA1 5 1EL
United Kingdom
ZXir QLive Alive!
8
Autumn 1999
Chi
icago
Users G
Area Timex Users
Robert Swoger
613 Parkside Cir
Streamwood I L 60107-1647
630 837-7957
CENG-1 08@email.mot.com
roup
The Ramtop
Newsletter
The Greater Cleveland T-S User Group
Thomas Simon Editor
615 School Ave
Cuyahoga Falls OH 44221
E-Mail CIS 73177,333
Jon Kaczor Production
4568 Williamson Ave
Brooklyn OH 44144
75363. 1 1 27@compuserve.com
m
-Tims We*
Peter Liebert-Adeit
LUETZ0W STR 3
D-38102 BRAUNSCHWEIG
GERMANY
Email: p.iiebert@t-online.de
http ://home t-online. de/home/p . liebert/zx-team. htm
Amateur Radio: DK4BF@DB0FC#NDS.DEU.EU
The ZX Spectrum 48/128 Emulator
for IBM &. Compatables: Z80 Version
Turn your PC into a real ZX Spectrum 48/128
=>- Full Spectrum emulation, border, flash, beeper, Interface 1,
Microdrive in cartridge file, RS232 input and output redirection
to file, COM or LPT, joystick support, 128K sound through
Soundblaster or internal speaker, built-in monitor,
=>- Able to load ANY, even protected or speed-saved program
from tape, to save to tape, to redirect tape loads and saves to
disk for easy file access,
=>- 2500 line English documentation.
=>- Runs okay under DOS, Windows and DesqView,
=>- Full source code of emulator and utilities included!
Runs on any 640K PC; too slow for practical use on PC/XT's
but fast enough on AT's, uses VGA/EGA/CGA or Hercules.
This program costs US $20. You will receive a 3.5" DD disk
(5.25" disks on request), and you'll be kept informed about up-
dates. Please send bank notes (bills), name and address to:
Gerton Lunter
PO Box 2535
NL-9704 CM Groningen
Netherland
If you send a cheque, please add US $15 extra and allow 4
weeks for delivery.
The ROMDisk Fully Functional
Extremely small board for the QL's ROM-Port, works like a
permanent RAM disk.
In order to be able to upgrade to the color drivers, you need to
have SMSQ/E. The normal SMSQ which is shipped with QXL
card will not be able to handle more colors.
SMSQ/E for the QXL
As Aurora owners will be able to use more colors when the
color drivers are available, another offer for SMSQ/E for the
Aurora plus GoldCard/Super/ GoldCard :
SMSQ/E for the Super GoldCard
QL Games & Upgrades QL Applications
FroWesS + Applications
Jochen Merz Software
Im stillen Winkel 12
47169 Duisburg, Germany
0203-502011 Fax 0203-502012
Credit Cards accepted
http ://www. j -m-s. com/ smsq/
e-mail smsq@j-m-s.com
QL Today is published by Jochen Merz Software. Jochen
Merz has been supplying software for the QL for several years
and has built up a good reputation for quality and fair trading.
The representative in Britain is Miracle Systems Ltd who take
subscriptions and do the distribution
Subscriptions
Germany (+German add-on) DM 70
England DM60 £25
Rest of the world DM 70 £30
Back-issues are available for DM 12 (incl postage)
Checks should be made payable Miracle Systems Ltd
English Office
Miracle Systems Ltd.
20 Mow Barton
Yates, Bristol
United Kingdom BS17 5NF
Tel. +44 1454 883602 Fax. +44 1454 883602
Editor
Diiwyn Jones
41 Bro Emrys
Tal-Y-Bont, Bangor, Gwynedd
United Kingdom LL57 3YT
Tel. +44 1248 354023 Fax. +44 1248 354023
Items for the Timex\SincIair Computer
Timeworks Programming kit #1 For T/S 1000 & ZX81 $4.95
Mindware Gulp Game Timex 1000 & Sinclair ZX81 $4 95
Timex Horace & The Spiders for the 2068 $5 .95
Timex Sinclair 1000 software on tape
Chess (16K RAM) qty 5 price $2.95 ea
ZXir QLive Alive!
19
Autumn 1999
The Challenger I qty 17
price $2 95 ea
Mind ware MW100 plain
paper printer for the
TSIOOO orZX81 com-
puter made in the US
$45.00
All items are new . Please
add $3 .95 shipping to all
orders.
MC, VISA, American
Express, phone
717-748-1747
Keith Electronics
224 North Grove St
Lock Haven, PA.
17745
Steamboat Lake, CO
$30 Plus $10
for S/H
TS-2040 Printers
16K RAM
We Do Not Ship Out-
side The US & Canada
Checks, Money Orders and Visa or Mastercard
Call 212-675-8414 FAX 212-675-8980
Zebra Systems, Inc.
122 W26th St. Suite. 904
New York, NY 10001
Shipping is by UPS ground.
Basics of Timex Sinclair 1500/1000 BASIC
Allen Wolach, Separately priced $12 95
BASIC Basics for the Timex/Sinclair 1500/1000
Michael Barnett//Simon Barnett, Separately priced $12.95
The Ins and Outs of the Timex TS-1000 & ZX-81
Don Thomasson, $12.95
Computer Interfacing Technique in Science TS- 1500/1000
Paul Field & John Davies, $12 95
ZX-81 BASIC Programming (in Spanish language)
Steve Vickers (Traducido y adaptado) A copy of this book is
shipped free for asking if you just pay for additional shipping
cost . Separately priced $10
Sinclair Resources
Jack Dohany (Developer - 2068)
627 Vera Ave
Redwood City CA 94061
John McMichaei (Developer - Graphics)
Rod Gowen (RMG)
14784 S Quail Grove Cir
Oregon City OR 97045-8843
Send them a LSASE and ask for information about
their current products and/or services.
Surplus
JOHN J SHEPARD III
281 130 th ST
OGDEN IA 50212
< jshepard@netins.net >
Mostly QL & TS-2068
JACK BOATWRIGHT
67325 FRYREAR RD
BEND OR 97701
< jboatno4@outlawnet.com >
Mostly ZX-81 /TS-1000 & TS-2068
1710 Palmer Dr
Laramie WY 82070
QL TS-206C
1 ZJC«B 1
Keith Watson (AERCO & Z80 Emulator)
41634 Amberly Dr.
Mt. Clemens, Mi 48038
Books Ma
§|J||iIfl^^:.::K j %
ZXir QLive Alive!
20
Autumn 1999
Live Music Archive
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